Uganda faces a number of challenges. The country is among the poorest countries in the world, and ambitions around sustainable development are under pressure from a very rapidly growing population, climate change, and ecosystem degradation. For example, between 2016 and 2018, total arable land increased from 59% to 71%. Between 1990 and 2010, Uganda lost 37% of its forest coverage. Moreover, the area of wetlands (swamps) declined from 15% in 1994 to 9% in 2020. These dynamics put pressure on freshwater resources and ecosystems*. Without water, the economy also runs dry.